The overall objective of this project was to design and implement the award of the C-band (3400-3700 MHz) spectrum in Bahrain. In order to deliver the project, Plum considered a range of market, technology, policy, and regulatory factors. Potential use of the spectrum was examined alongside competition and social welfare concerns, and industry was extensively[…]
Plum, working with London Economics, supported the Telecom Technology Center on a research project for the National Communications Commission (NCC) on the regulation of spectrum-related transactions and the assessment of competition issues associated with these transactions. Plum provided a series of reports which covering: 1) International developments around spectrum transactions (e.g. trading, leasing, sharing or[…]
The Department engaged Plum to provide advice on, and to review, the spectrum valuation modelling that the Bureau of Communications and Arts Research (BCAR) intended to use to estimate the value of a sub-6 GHz mobile frequency band in Australia. The first phase of the project required Plum to provide initial advice and evaluation on[…]
The study assessed the current status of 5G spectrum awards across non-GCC MENA countries, and developed a high level roadmap for the award of 4G or 5G spectrum depending on the current status of the individual countries markets. The study was not intended to provide a detailed process for each country but to provide a[…]
World Radio Conference 2023 Agenda Item 1.3 calls for studies to examine the feasibility of allocating 3600 – 3800 MHz band to the mobile service (except aeronautical mobile) on a primary basis in Region 1 (i.e. Europe, Middle East and Africa). The band is already allocated to the mobile service in Region 1 but on[…]
The outcome of the World Radio Conference 2019 (WRC-19) has now been disseminated, changes to regulations and technical licence conditions are being implemented and spectrum awarded. Attention is now turning to the agenda items identified for the next World Radio Conference, scheduled for 2023 (WRC-23). Preparatory work will be starting within ITU-R, as well as[…]
Plum produced a report for the Telecom Technology Center on the status of field trials involving connected and autonomous vehicles (CAVs) in Europe and North America. The report provided a selection of case studies involving the use of cellular technology (4G/5G) in developing: vehicle-to-everything technologies enabling interaction with infrastructure, other vehicles, networks and pedestrians; and[…]
One of the more challenging aspects of spectrum management is ensuring the timely and orderly transition of frequencies where they are awarded to a new licensee. Where the frequencies are being used by incumbents to provide services, and there are no alternative providers or technologies available for end-users, it is particularly important to develop a[…]
It is a well-known scientific fact, but one that is sometimes ignored, that radio waves do not respect borders between countries and geographic regions. This means that radio networks deployed in one country or region can cause interference to networks deployed across the border. The impact of the interference can vary considerably and in the[…]
Plum assisted CITC with the award of spectrum in the 2300 MHz, 2600 MHz, and 3400 MHz bands. Having cleared this spectrum for IMT use in Saudi Arabia, CITC wished to award this to operators so that they would be able to commence rollout of 5G services and increase capacity of LTE networks. Plum worked[…]