The study undertaken with consulting firm RTT reviewed the standardisation activities for cognitive radio.  The activities of ETSI, IEEE, IETF and ECMA were examined in detail.  As part of the study the key barriers and enablers of the adoption of cognitive radio were identified as shown in the figure below.

The study also explored various aspect of cognitive radio including preferred frequency bands, licensing approaches and potential business models.  During the study more than thirty potential stakeholders (from academia, industry, regulators and standardisation bodies) were contacted and a detailed literature survey was carried out.